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ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS AND RECORDING PROCEDURES IN THE EARLY ISLAMIC STATE

INTRODUCTION In an influential contribution Parker [2000] wrote that "the writing of accounting history is increasingly dominated by writers in English discussing private-sector accounting in English speaking countries of the 19th and 20th centuries . . . the scope of accounting history is much wider than this" [p. 66]. This paper seeks to further advance our increasing knowledge of the history of accounting outside English-speaking countries in periods earlier than the modern era. It also contests de Ste. Croix's claim [1981, p. 114] that "there seems to have been no really efficient method of accounting, by double or even single entry, before the thirteenth century". Analysis of medieval bookkeeping systems in Muslim society throws doubt on this assertion. The paper seeks to explore the work of early Muslim scholars on accounting in the context of zakat (religious levy) and the expansion in the revenues and expenditures of the Islamic state, the struct

Accounting & Bookkeeping!

Book-keeping systems There are two main systems for keeping the accounts of small businesses. These are single entry book-keeping and double-entry book-keeping. Their names really explain themselves. In double-entry book-keeping, for every entry recorded, it is in fact recorded twice, whereas in single entry book-keeping, it is just recorded once. For very small businesses, the single entry system is often preferred, but I personally prefer the double entry book-keeping system, because when mistakes happen (and they always will!) they are much easier to find. This system can also deal with unpaid bills and accounts. Therefore the rest of this article will concentrate on double entry book-keeping. There is much more that can be learnt about this subject - and if there is enough interest, further articles may be possible. However, I trust that this article will help you as you seek to serve the Lord in whatever work you are involved with. Double-entry book-keeping Whenever possi

Tally Payroll

Tally 9 offers payroll for wages and salary to workers and employees. The payroll is not enabled by default while you create the company. To enable it press F11 to open ‘Accounting Features’ screen. Tally - Company Alter Under Cost/Profit Centers Management, you will find Maintain Payroll. Give yes and press ESC to exit. Now, in Masters Menu there is a new sub-menu 'Payroll Info', and in Transactions Menu ‘Payroll Vouchers’ In the Payroll Info menu there are Sub menus Pay Heads Employee Groups Employees Salary Details Units (Work) Attendance / Production Types Voucher Types. You need to create employees for the ‘Salary Details’ menu to be enabled. Pay Heads First you need to create the pay heads. Pay head creation is essential as it is used in payroll ledger and Payroll voucher entry. Creation of pay head is done by clicking Pay Heads and clicking Create. Give a name for pay head for example, ‘Production Wages’ In the Pay Heads

Ledgers and Groups in Tally

Ledgers and Groups in Tally Capital Account: Capital Accounts may be directly placed under Capital Group or a sub-group may be created for them. Common example of Ledger Accounts under Capital Account group is Share Capital, Partners’ Capital Accounts, and Proprietors Capital Account. Separate Ledgers may be opened for Equity Capital, Preference Capital A/c etc. Reserves & Surplus (Retained Earnings): The Group Reserves & Surplus is a sub-group to Capital Account. All Reserve accounts (recognized as Retained Earnings) are placed under this group. Common examples are: General Reserve, Capital Reserve, Investment Allowance Reserve, Share Premium Account etc. Loans (Liabilities): All loans taken should be placed under this group. Reserved sub-groups under this Primary Group: Bank Overdraft & Cash Credit (Bank OD), Secured loans and unsecured loans. Bank OD Accounts (Bank OCC A/c): Normally a business house has two types of bank accounts: Current account and Bank Loa

Tally Configure

Accounting Vouchers Gateway of Tally > F12: Configure > Voucher Entry Skip Date field in Creation Mode (faster entry!) By default, the Cursor skips the Date field during Voucher creation. If you do not want to skip the date field then set this option to No. Use Single Entry Mode for Pymt/Rcpt/Contra By default, Tally.ERP 9 displays single entry mode for payment/receipt/contra entry. If you want to display it in double entry mode, then set this option to No. Use Payment / Receipt as contra By enabling this option, you can enter contra in payment as well as receipt voucher. Use Cr/Dr instead of To/By during Entry By enabling this option, you can change To/By to Cr/Dr in the Voucher Entry screen. Use Cheque Printing for Contra By enabling this option, you can print the Cheques from Contra Voucher itself while making the inter bank transfers and Cash withdrawals. The Cheque printing option will appear the for the Bank which is Credited. Warn on Negative Cash Bala

Rules of Account

Rules of Account 1-PERSONAL ACCOUNTS a- DEBIT THE RECEIVER b- CREDIT THE GIVER 2-REAL ACCOUNTS a- DEBIT WHAT COMES IN b- CREDIT WHAT GOES OUT 3-NOMINAL ACCOUNTS a- DEBIT ALL EXPENSES AND LOSSES b- CREDIT ALL INCOMES AND REVENUES

features of tally..............

Fetchers of tally 9 a) Single-User Edition (Tally Silver) b) Multi-User Edition (Tally Gold). c) Best suited for small business at amazingly attractive prices! Tally 9 - Best for Business Accounting a) Complete Book-keeping b) Books, Registers and Statements of Accounts c) General Ledger d) Out standings Management, including Credit Limits e) Accounts Receivables and Accounts Payables f) Flexible Voucher Numbering g) Flexible Classification of Account Heads h) Drill Down Display i) Date based Reporting j) Voucher and Cheque Printing k) Columnar Reports l) Bank Reconciliation Tally 9 - Best For Business Financial Management a) Funds Flows b) Receivables Turnover (Payment Performance of Debtors) c) Branch Accounting d) Flexible Period Accounting e) Consolidation of Companies f) Budgeting and Control g) Cost Centers & Profit Centers, with Multiple Cost Categories h) Variance Analysis i) Ratio Analysis j) Scenario Management including Reversing Journals and O

LIST OF LEDGER UNDER GROUP IN TALLY

Capital A/c : Capital Account Furniture A/c : Fixed Assets Machinery A/c : Fixed Assets SBI Bank A/c : Bank Account Bank over Drafts A/c : Bank OD A/c Purchases A/c : Purchase Account Sumesh A/c : Sundry Creditors Wages A/c : Direct Expenses Trade Expenses A/c : Indirect Expenses Sales A/c : Sales Account Mohan A/c : Sundry Debtors Drawings A/c : Capital Account Carriage A/c : Indirect Expenses Purchase Returns A/c : Purchase Account Sales Returns A/c : Sales Account Salary A/c : Indirect Expenses Advertisement A/c : Indirect Expenses Fees A/c : Indirect income Rent A/c : Indirect Expenses Electricity A/c : Indirect Expenses Discount Received A/c : Indirect income Discount Allowed A/c : Indirect Expenses Packing Charges A/c : Direct Expenses Duty on purchase A/c : Direct Expenses Depreciation A/c : Indirect Expenses Interest On capital A/c : Indirect Expenses Commission Received A/c : Indirect i

Full form of TALLY

Its TALLY, not T.A.L.L.Y. So no full forms. but sum answer..... 1. Tally Full form is Total Accounting Leading List Year 2. Transactions Allowed in a Linear Line Yards 3. There is no full form of TALLY . This is a accounting software.

tally all versions

Now Available > Tally.ERP 9 Worlds #1 Accounting Software Package With Inventory, Payroll, Point of sale (POS), VAT, TDS, Serice Tax, FBT & Traders & Manufacturing Excise Module Tally.ERP 9 > Tally 9 > Tally 8.1 > Tally 7.2> Tally 6.3 > Tally 5.4> Tally 4.5